高二册９—１２课语言要点归纳与扩展

 
    ┌much,some,great（用于肯定句）┐
    （be） of ┤no,little（表示否定） ├＋名词
    └any （用于疑问句） ┘
    （书面语，比较郑重的说法）
    ＝（be）＋（very）＋形容词（形容词与上面的名词同根）（多用于口语）
    （1）该结构可在句中充当表语，后置定语或补语。
    （2 ）该结构中形容词后接的名词常见的为抽象名词value ，importance，use，help，benefit，int erest，difference， courage，fun等。
    （3）该结构中的名词也可以是表示年龄、颜色、尺寸、 样式的词，如age，colour，size，type等。
    The meeting is of great importance to me.
    ＝The meeting is very important to me.
    This kind of dictionary is of no use to us students.
    ＝This kind of dictionary is useless to us students.
    What he has done is of great benefit to the people. 他所做的事对人民有很大的益处。
    Everything that we saw was of great interest to us.
    The dictionary will be of great value to the students whoare learners of English.
    Though what he said was of little help to me, I thankedhim all the same.
    This is a book of some use.=This is a useful book.
    I thought the doctor's advice of much help to you.
    Mountaineering is of great fun, but at the same time wemust not forget the danger.
    We are of an age.= We are of the same age.
    These two rooms are of a size. = These two rooms are ofthe same size.
    二、
    ┌no...but... ┐
    A.┤nothing but... ├“只有”，
    └nothing...but...┘“除……外没有……”
    B. not...but...“不是……而是……”
    ┌not only（或just）... ┐
    C.┤ but（also）... ├“不仅……
    │not only（或just）... │而且……”
    └ but...as well ┘
    （1）A中的but为介词，意为“除了”，相当于except，而B、C 中的but均为连词，but前后须为对等成分 。
    （2）not only（或just）后接句子置于句首时， 句子要采用部分倒装，但but（also）后的句子则不要倒 装。C中的结构连接两个并列主语时，不需要倒装，主谓一致应采用就近一致的原则。
    （3）“动词＋nothing but＋动词”结构，意为“只得干……，除了干……别无选择”。前面谓语动词部 分若含有do的形式，but 后的动词为省略to的不定式，若前面无do的形式，则but后用带to 的不定式形式，即 “带do不带to，带to不带do”。
    ［考例］①The man looked at the looms but could see______empty frames.
    A.anything but B.everything but
    C.something but D.nothing but（86上海）②I don't want to go not because being busy
    but because I
    ── ───── ──────
    A B Cenjoy being alone.（B处错误，将其改为I am b usy）（93上海）
    ──────
    D
    No one but he knew about it.
    There's nothing in my pocket but a pen.
    He is not a teacher, but a worker, a very famous workerin our factory.
    They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.
    He went not to help his father but to borrow money fromhim.他不是去帮父亲的忙，而是去向父 亲借钱。
    He failed not because he isn't clever but because hedidn't work hard.
    He can speak not only English but French as well.
    He not only swims very fast but also skates very well.
    The singers do not just come from Hefei but from all overthe country.
    Not only did he teach at school, but he wrote novels. 他不但在学校里教书，而且还写小说。
    三、
    ┌keep in touch with... ┐
    │ （与……保持联系） │
    │get in/into touch with... │
    ┤ （与……取得联系） ├（表示动作）
    │lose/ge out of touch with... │
    │（与……失去联系） │
    └ ┘
    ┌ be in touch with... ┐
    │ （与……有联系） │
    ┤ be out of touch with... ├（表示状态）
    └ （与……失去联系） ┘
    （考例）Here's my card. Let's keep in _________.
    A.touch B.relation
    C.connection D.friendship
    (NMET94)
    We must keep in touch with what is happening in foreigncountries.
    I haven't been in touch with him since we left schoolfive years ago.
    Write to me as often as you can. I don't want to losetouch with you.
    If you live in the country,you soon get out of touch withthings.
    I'm trying to get in touch with my brother.
    We have been out of touch with them for about ten years.
    四、sit/seat
    （1）请坐！┌Sit down, please.
    │Be seated, please.
    ┤Have a （或your） seat, please.
    │Take a （或your） seat, please.
    └Seat yourself, please.
    （2）┌seat oneself＋（地点状语）
    ┤sit ＋（地点状语） （表示动作）
    └be seated＋（地点状语） （表示状态）
    ┌sitting ┐
    （3）动词（如see,find）＋sb＋┤seated ├
    └seating oneself┘
    ＋地点状语
    （4）take（或have）a（或one's）seat就座， 但表达自己坐下时，不能使用have a （one's）seat。
    ［误］I entered and had a seat.
    ［正］I entered and took a （或my）seat.
    （5）seat作为动词还有“容纳”之意。
    The great hall can seat（＝hold）2000 people.（考例）①A tall woman dressed in mourning
    walked through
    ────── ────
    A Bthe door quietly and seated her at t he table in the corner of
    ───── ────────
    C Dthe room.（C处错误，将her改为herself）（’ 91上海）
    ②Seated himself in a chair, Mr Crossett began to look
    ─── ── ───
    A Bthrough the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at────
    ── C Dthe door. （’93上海）（A处错误，将Seated改为Seating）
    ③Shortly after we________, a waiter came over to ourtable with a smile.
    A.seated B.were seated
    C.sat ourselves D.took places（’95上海）
    They were found seated in the classroom, preparing forthe exam.
    —When did the lecture begin?
    —When all the students were seated,